Dynamo-regulator.



S. D. FIELD. DYNAMO REGULATOR. APPLICATION FILED FEB.14, 190a.

Patented Aug. 3, 1909.

's'rEPn N DUDLEY FIELD, or s'rooKBnIneE, MA

' output of self-exciting dynamos as is well with a self-exciting dynamoa deviceor ap magnet with a winding with the sparkless contacts be 9UNITED S I-Ares PATENT ()FFIGE.

S PARK COIL COMPANY, OF DALTON, MASSACHUSETTS, A'CORPORATION.

DYNAMO-REGULAITOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

I: Patented Aug. 3, 1909.

Application filed February 14, 1908. Serial No. 415,859.

. To'all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, STEPHEN DUDLEY FIELD, a citizen of the United Statesof America, residing at Stockbridge, inthe county of .Berkshire andState of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements inDynamo-Regulators, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to improvements in regulators for dynamos.

The invention is intended to overcome the derangement incident to widelyvarying speeds when attempts are'made to ada t self-exciting dynamos tothe .various emands of automobile operations, as for instance, the useof a current in spark coils, charging of storage batteries,

ing. Without some means of accurately regulating the output of suchmachines it is practically im ossible to use the currents therefrom forthe purposes mentioned The known varies directly as the speed'of rotation, and this fluctuation in voltage and current can not-be applied tothe uses mentioned without some means of keeping the potential constant.

The object of this invention is to obtain uniform and steady operationwhen the cur-' rent from the self-exciting dynamos is em- ,ployed, andin order to obtain this result the nvention consists, broadly, inassociating aratus which I term a pulsatin regulator and also providingthe limbs oi the field through which the current passes in a directionopposite to that Y of the ordina field winding, whereby the fields are'depo arized. and the potential lowered thereby; and, further, inassociating v ulsator a storage battery which is fed from t e dynamowhen the voltage therefrom exceeds that of the storage battery; and,further, to instantly cut outthe dynamo when; its otential falls belowthat of thebattery; an further, to regulate the dynamo in such a mannerwill be generated even if the armature be rotated at an excessive s ed.I a

In order to obtaint e above results, it :is necessary that frictionlessmoving partsand trolling medium or pulsating regulator between theLeading from the or train 1ight-' g the field magnet; which'are that noabnormal potential .connected, by

interposed in the condynamo and-the storagebattery,

as will be fully described in the specification and particularly pointedoutin the claims.

In the drawings forming part of this application,-,Figure 1 is a diagramshowing the various pieces of apparatus assembled and with the usualmethod of wiring. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the armature portion ofthe pulsating regulator while Fig. 3 is an end elevation of Fig. 2.

Referring to the drawings in detail, a designatesthe field magnets ofthe self-exciting dynamo, and b the armature thereof, the brushes whichbear upon the commutator bars being indicated by the letters 0 and d.brush a is a wire 6 which is connected to a winding or coil f at theoint This coil surrounds one of the lim s of the electromagnet h and hasits opposite terminal connected b the wire i which leads back to thefield wlndings j and 7c of the dynamo, which are connected by means ofthe wires m and 0 to the other commutator "brush. The coil f and thewires e and i may be considered as a part of the internal circuit of thedynamo, while the other wiring, (to be referred to,) as the external orworking circuits.

I q desi limb r o the electromagnet h and has an armature s that isattached thereto by means of the flat spring t. The armature is providedwith a retractile spring a that is attached to a fixed support 1), asshown, and is normally drawn against a back-stop w.

' r-designate's the other limboi theelectromagnet h which is providedwith a winding y of fewer turns than the winding f. The

terminals of this winding are connected at 7 one end to a resilienttongue 2 which carrles a contact piece 2 whichcontact is located betweenthecontact 13 on the armatures and another stop 3, the latterbeingconnected by means of the wire 4 to the differential or reverselywound coils 5- and 6 0nthe limbvof connected by means of the wire 7 tothe commutator brush 1. ,The other terminalof thecoil y is means of thewire 8, 0. the positive terminal of the storage battery 9,

and the otherterminal. of the storage battery is connected, means of thereturn wire l0, to the commutator brush d.

The positive and negative terminals, of the storage battery haveconnected thereto the nates'a block that is secured to the" SSAOHUSETTS,ASSIGNOR TO PITTSFIELD 4 sidual magnetism in the poles N. and S. of

the field magnet compound upon themselves in the usual way and flowfrom. the brush 0 through the wire 6, coil f, and wire t to the fieldcoils j and 7c, back to the negative terminal or brush d. This operationenergizes the electromagnet h of thepulsator and when the currentsbecome sufficiently strong,

the attractive force of the magnet h will overcome the tension of theretractile spring a and draw the armature so that the contact 13 willengage the contact 2 permitting the current tofiow through the coil yand wire 8 to the storage battery 9. The tension of the spring it beingadjusted to a tension so that it requires a greater electro-motive forcethan that of the storage battery to overcome its retractile pull, thatis to say a current corre- Sponding to eight volts, while the voltage'oft e storage battery 9 should be something less, as for example sixvolts. l/Vhen the armature 8, during its forward movement, closes thecontacts 2 and 13, the greater part of the current from the dynamo willpass from the brush 0 through said coil y and inte the storage battery9, wire 10, back to the brush (Z, instead of flowing through the coil fwhich contains a greater number lof'turns, and therefore of higherresistance. This movement of the armaturei cautes practically all of thecurrent from the dynamo to flow through the coil y and into the storagebattery 9, and very little tb flow through the coil f of theelectromagnet hand the field coils 7' and k. This division of current,now flowing through the coils j and k and the storage battery will causea weakening of the current in the coils j and 7c, and consequently adrop in voltage at the terminals of the armature by virtue of thelowering of the magnetic flux through the armature. 'This diminution ofcurrent consequently weakens the pull on the armature of theelectro-magnet It. In order to compensate for thls weakening effect onthe electrb-magnet h by reason of the diminution of the current in' thecoil f, the coil y is therefore provided in order to maintain a constantpull on the armature s by effecting the constancy of magnetic flux inthe electro-Inagnet it. As the current increases again the pull on thearmature s is increased until further movement of the armature willbring the contacts 2 and 3 together allowing a current to pass by the.

wire 4 to the reversely wound coils 5 and 6 on hearse the'field magneta. The current through and 3 since the extra current or counter electromotive force from the coils 5 and '6 on the opening of the circuitthrough these coils will neutralize that from the storage battery;

or, in other words, the counter electromo tlve force Wlll extinguish itsown spark. 1

Contacts 2. and 3 will also, at their separation, be sparkless, as theywill be of equal potential.

The field magnet a is made large and'is sluggish in action while themagnet it acts 'with, great rapidity with the following results:Assuming the cells of storage battery have a combined voltage of sixvolts and the spring u is adjusted to require nine volts-to causesufficient current to .pass through the coil f to overcome its tension,it is clear that when the armature s is attracted, there will be a surgeor flow of current into the battery under a pressure of three volts.This current will slowly fade away in pro ortion to the sluggishness ofthe action o the field magnet a when depolarized by the coils 5 and 6until the electromotive force of the machine and batteryare so nearlyequal that the magnet it will be weakened enough to permit the armatures to fall off, cutting out the battery 9 and the coils 5 and 6, thusallowing the dynamo to build up again for another cycle of the aboveoperations. The currents to be utilized for the spark coils orillumination are taken from the terminals 11 and 12. The springsuspension of the armature s, by means of the spring t permits themaximum of flexibility and rigidity with the minimum of resistance, tothe magnetic circuit. The space t between the armature s and the block gis made very small, and I I have found that oneone-hundredth of an inchissufiicient. The blade-spring z is very sensitive and when at restholds the contact 2 midway between the points 3 and 13. It will thus beseen that a constant voltage is at all times maintained at the terminalsof the storage battery 9 and that currents for any purpose whatever aretaken from the lead wires -1 1 and 12 of the battery, as for example foruses in a spark-coil, train lighting, or other ignition devices.

What I claim, is Q 1. In combination with the armature of a 'ing aplurality of self-excited dynamo, an electromagnet havwindings, aresiliently mounted armature therefor, a storage battery, a circuitextending between the arma ture and the battery, said circuit includinga portion of the windings of the electromagnet and its armature,depolarizing-coils on thefiled magnet, and means actuated by the eleftro-magnet.v for cutting in and out said CO1 s.

2. In combination with the field windings of a self-excited dynamo, anelectromagnet ofthe horseshoe type, a coil of which is included incircuit with a portion of the field windings, a storage battery, thearmature of said magnet being included in a connection between thedynamo brush and, the battery when the battery is being charged, and anelectrical connection between the battery and the armature of thedynamo, and a blade-s ring included in the connection between t e dynamobrush and. the battery and adapted to be actuated by the armatureof theelectromagnet, and means to depolarize the field poles when apredetermined voltage is generated by the armature. 3. In combinationwith a field magnet and armature of a dynamo electric machine, fieldcoils, an electromagnet, an armature therefor, the windings on'one limbthereof being permanently included in series with the circuit of thefield coils and armature circuit, the windings on the other limb of theelectromagnet and its armature being included in an electricalconnection extending from one terminal of the armature of the machineand one terminal of the windings on said first limb of' theelectromagnet, and constituting a part of the work circuit, a storagebattery included in said connection and in series there with, anelectrical connection extending between the storage battery and theother terminal of the first mentioned armature, and resilientmeansassoc'iated with the armature of the electromagnet for permittingsaid first mentioned connection to close when a with a portion of thefield predetermined voltage occurs at the terminalsof the firstmentioned armature, and means to depolarize the field magnet when apredetermined voltage is generated by the dynamo. l g

4. In combination with a dynamo electric machine of the self-excitedtype, an electromagnet of the horseshoe type, a resiliently mountedarmature therefor, the winding on one limb of the electromagnet being inseries windin oi the dynamo, and the 'windingof the ot er limb of theelectromagnet being included in the work circuit, said circuit extendingfroni one terminal of the winding 'on'the first limb to one terminalofa' storage battery, said storage battery being connected across saidwork circuit, said work circuit also including ing circuits and havingturns, the other coil being in a work circuit the resiliently mountedarmature of the electromagnet, and means for depolarizing the fieldmagnet when the voltage atjthe terminals of storage battery exceeds apredetermined value. 4 V

5. In combination with a dynamo electric machine of the self-excitedtype, an electromagnet, a resiliently therefor, the winding on one limbof thee'lectromagnet-being in series with a portion of the field windingof the dynamo, and the winding on the other limbof the magnet beingincluded in a work circuit extending from said field Winding, meansassociated with the armature of the electro-magnet for closing saidconnection when a predetermined voltage occurs at the dynamo terminals,and means for reducing the magnetic flux of the field magnet when thevoltage at the brushes exceeds a certain value, v

6. In combination with a shunt wound dynamo, an electro-magnet, anarmature therefor, an external circuit connected to the dynamoterminals, a circuit in shunt thereto,

depolarizing coils on the field ofthe dynamo and included in the shuntcircuit, and means, actuated by the armature of the electromagnet, forcausing a current to flow through the depolarizing coils. v

7. In combination with a shunt wound dynamo, an electro-magnet, anarmature therefor, a circuit in shunt to the d namo terminals,depolarizing coils on the eld, of

- the dynamo and'included in the shunt circuit,

and means, actuated by the armature of the electromagnet for causing acurrent to flow through the depolarizin coils, a second circuit in shuntto the wor circuit and including a coil of the electromagnet, a storagebattery in the second circuit, said means also permitting a portion ofthe dynamo current tofiow throu h the storage battery.

. 8. In com ination with a self-excited dynamo electric machine,provided with energizing coils, one coil thereof being included inseries with some of the field coils and having a large number of turns,the other coil being in a Work circuit connected thereto and having asmaller number an' electro-mag-net of turns the armature of said magnetbeing 1 depolarizing coils on the limbs of the field means for closingthe circuit of magnet, and

when thevoltage at predetermined value.

9. In combination the brushes exceeds a coils, one coil thereprovidedwith energizing ofvthe field windof being included in some connectedthereto and having a-small nurn;

with a self-excited dynamo electric machine, an electromagnet' largenumber of ,said coils and cutting in the work circuit her of turns, thearmature ofsaid magnet being adapted to close said, circuit when apredetermined voltage occurs atthe dynamo terminals, and a storagebattery included in -5 the work circuit, depolarizing coils on" thefield magnetot the dynamo, and'm-ean's, 0p-

erated bythe armature of theelectrbmag- ,net, for closing thework-circuitthrough said depolarizing coils; whereby an abnormal currentthrough the storage battery is pre vented,

710. In combination with a storagebatter ,"of means for charging thesame and inc uding a dynamo electro machine of the self -excited type,an electromagnet and its armature, a Work circuit including the stor:age battery and a winding on the electromagnet in series with eachother, means inde endent of the electromagnet for maintaming the workcircuit in an open condition, and means including a blade-springi'oiclosing the work circuit when the electromotive force of the dynamobecomes greater than the electromotive force of said battery, the springbeing included in the storage battery circuit, and depolarizing coils inshunt to the battery circuit for controlling the movements of thearmature of the electroma net; v 11. n combination with a storagebattery, of means for charging theisame and includinga dynamo of theself-excited type,

an electro-magnet and its armature, a circuit includin the storagebattery and a winding on t e electromagnet, means independent oftheactionof the electromagnet for maintaining the circ'uit' in an opencondition, and means for effecting the closure of the circuit when theelectromotive 40 force of the dynamo becomes reater than theelectromotive force of said attery, said means including a blade-spring,the spring being actuated by the armature of the electromagnet, andmeans for depolarizing the field of the dynamo when the magnetic, fluxofthe electromagnet reaches a predetermined oint. v12. 11 combination, astorage battery, a

self-excited dynamo, electrical connections between'the dynamo andbattery: meansinthe field magnet for controlling the operation of thearmature of the electromagnet.

13. In combination, a self-excited dynamo, dliferential windings on thefield magnet thereof, an electro-magnet, a. resiliently mounted armaturetherefor, a storage bat- ,to I regulate the creased.

' 1 .tery, electrical connections between said windings, resilientlymounted armature, and the battery, and means comprising a bladespring,asz inter osed in said connections ow of current through one of saidwindings, whereby the circuit between the dynamo and battery isalternately opened andclosed, and whereby the flux of the field magnetsare alternately increased anddc- 14. In combination, a self-exciteddynamo, differential windings on the field magnet thereof, a storagebattery, electrical connections'between the dynamo terminals and thebattery andmeans inter osed in"said con nections to regulate the ow ofthe current through one of said windings, whereby the circuit betweenthe dynamo and battery isa alternately o ened and closed, and wherebythe flux of t efield magnets is alternately increased and decreased,said means including an electro-ma netic circuit breaker, the armatureof whic is adapted to closet'he circuit to the difierential winding, andmeans comprising. a blade-spring, as e, actuated by said armature foralternately cutting in and out the storage battery and one of thedifferential windin s. I

15. In ,com ination, aself-excited dynamo, a storage battery, electricalconnections between the terminals ot the dynamo and the battery; anelectromagnetic device included in said connections, a resilientlymounted armature therefor, and means, 0 erated by said device, foropening andclosmg the circuit of the electromagnetic device, said meanscomprising a blade-spring actuated by the armature of the electro-manetic device, a differential winding on the eld mag-' net in shunt tothe battery connections, and the flow of current through the windingsbeing controlled by the blade-spring.

1 6. In combination, a self-excited dynamo, a storage battery,electrical connections between the terminals of the dynamo and thebattery, an electromagnetic device included in said connections, andmeans operated by said device for energizing and denergizing theelectromagnetic device, said means ineluding a resiliently moun edarmature, and

means, com rising a blade-spring and con.

trolled by t e armature for depolarizing the field magnets,

17. A voltage regulator for self-excited dynamo electric machines havingin combination, a resiliently mounted armature, the mounting comprisinga fixed element, a fiat spring secured thereto and to the armature, andan ,electro'magnet included in the external circuit for actuatingthearmature, a dilferential field winding, and means comprising ablade-spring actuated by the armature to close the circuit through thedifferential windings.

18. In combination, a self-excited dynamo,

a differential field-winding therefor'connectconnected to theotherterminal'of-the winded across the armature terminals, anelectroing, and a connection between the storage magnet, a spring-bladeactuated by the elecbattery and the armature, as described. tro-ma netfor closing the circuit through STEPHEN DUDLEY FIELD.

the di erential Winding, said spring-blade Witnesses: being connected toone terminal of a winding ADAM SCHILLING, of the electromagnet, and astorage battery GEO. SEYMOUR.

